Tawheed is To single out Allah in what is distinct to Him and obligatory for Him. That is, for the slave to know for certain that Allah is One with no partner in His Rububiyyah (lordship), His Uluhiyyah (servitude), and His Asma Wa Sifat (names and attributes).
It further means that The slave knows for certain and acknowledges that Allah alone is the Lord and Sovereign of everything; that He alone is the Creator, the Sustainer of all that exists who alone maintains the whole universe.
Also that He alone is worthy of worship with no partner; that everything which is worshipped besides Him is false; and that He possesses attributes of perfection, free of every imperfection and deficiency, and to Him alone belong the best names and loftiest attributes.
ِAllah Said :
“اللَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ لَهُ الْأَسْمَاءُ الْحُسْنَى”
Allah – there is no god [worthy of worship] except Him. To Him belong the best names
Table of Contents
The Fiqh of Tawheed
Allah is One with no partner; One unparalleled in His essence, His names, His attributes, and His actions; to Him alone belong the dominion, creation, and command with no partner.
He is the Sovereign and everything besides Him belongs to Him; He is the Lord and everything besides Him is His slave, and He is the Creator and everything besides Him is created
. قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ (1) اللَّهُ الصَّمَدُ (2) لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ (3) وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ (4)
Say, ‘He is Allah, [who is] One; Allah, the Self-Sufficient Master; He neither begets nor is He begotten; nor is there any equivalent to Him.’
He is the Most Strong and everything besides Him is weak; He is the Most Powerful and everything besides Him is powerless; He is the Most Great and everything besides Him is minute.
He is the Self-Sufficient and everything besides Him is in need of Him; He is the All-Mighty and everything besides Him is subservient and He is the Truth and all that is worshipped besides Him is false]
ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْحَقُّ وَأَنَّ مَا يَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِهِ هُوَ الْبَاطِلُ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْعَلِيُّ الْكَبِيرُ
That is because Allah is the Truth, and that which they call upon besides Him is falsehood, and that Allah is the Most High, the Most Great.‛
He is the Most Magnificent of which there is nothing more magnificent than Him; the Most High of which there is nothing higher than Him; the Most Great of which there is nothing greater than Him; and the Most Merciful of which there is nothing more merciful than Him.
He is the Most Strong who has created strength in every strong one; the Most Powerful who has created power in every powerful one; the Most Merciful who has created mercy in every merciful one.
He is the Most Knowledgeable who has taught every creature; and the All-Provider who has created all sustenance and those who receive it.
ذَٰلِكُمُ اللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ ۖ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ خَالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ فَاعْبُدُوهُ ۚ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَكِيلٌ (102) لَّا تُدْرِكُهُ الْأَبْصَارُ وَهُوَ يُدْرِكُ الْأَبْصَارَ ۖ وَهُوَ اللَّطِيفُ الْخَبِيرُ (103)
That is Allah, your Lord; there is no god [worthy of worship] except Him, the Creator of all things, so worship Him. And He is Disposer of all things. No vision can grasp Him, but His Grasp is over all vision; and He is the Most Subtle, the Well-Acquainted.
He is the True God who alone is worthy of worship besides everything else due to the perfection of His essence, His majesty, His beauty, and His graceful kindness; and to Him alone belong the best names and loftiest attributes.
ليْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَيْءٌ ۖ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ
There is nothing like unto Him, and He is the All-Hearer, the All-Seer.
He is the All-Wise, the All-Knowing who does what He wills and commands what He desires.
أَلا لَهُ الْخَلْقُ وَالأَمْرُ تَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ
Surely, His is the creation and the command; blessed is Allah, Lord of the worlds.
He is the First before everything else; the Last after everything else; the Most High above everything; the Most Near closer to everything; and the All-Knower of everything, alone with no partner.
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Categories of Tawheed
The Tawheed which the messengers called to and which the scriptures revealed is of two types:
The first is Tawheed of maʿrifah (knowledge and affirmation), which is also called Tawheed of Rububiyyah (lordship) and Asma Wa Sifat (names and attributes).
It is to affirm the reality of the essence of the Lord and the Tawheed of Allah’s names, attributes, and actions.
It further means that: The slave knows for certain and acknowledges that Allah alone is the Lord, the Creator and the Sovereign who maintains and administers this great universe; the Most Perfect in His essence, names, attributes and actions; the All-Knower of everything, the All-Encompassing of everything and the Most Powerful over everything; attributed with all of the attributes of perfection and free of all defects and deficiencies.
To Him alone belong the best names and loftiest attributes, and there is nothing like Him with respect to His essence, names, attributes, and actions
ليْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَيْءٌ ۖ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ
There is nothing like unto Him, and He is the All-Hearer, the All-Seer.
The second is Tawheed of Qasd (intent) and Talab (aim), which is also called Tawheed of Uluhiyyah (servitude) and Ibadah (worship). It is to single out Allah in all the various acts of worship, such as supplication, prayer, fear, hope, and so on.
It further means that: The slave knows for certain and acknowledges that Allah alone has divinity over His entire creation and that He alone is worthy of worship besides everything else.
So it is not permissible for anyone to direct something of the various acts of worship, such as supplication, prayer, asking for help, reliance, fear, hope, slaughtering, vowing, and so on, except to Allah besides everything else. Whoever directs something of it to other than Allah, he is a mushrik (polytheist) and a disbeliever, as Allah says:
وَمَن يَدْعُ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَٰهًا آخَرَ لَا بُرْهَانَ لَهُ بِهِ فَإِنَّمَا حِسَابُهُ عِندَ رَبِّهِ ۚ إِنَّهُ لَا يُفْلِحُ الْكَافِرُونَ
And whoever invokes besides Allah another god for which he has no proof – then his account is only with his Lord. Indeed, the disbelievers will not succeed.‛
The virtue of Tawheed
Allah is the Lord of the worlds. He is the Lord of all of mankind and the deity of all of mankind. He is the deity of the one who worships Him, as well as a Generous Lord who does not withhold his blessing from the one who does not worship Him.
So whoever believes in Allah as a deity takes the gift of His Rububiyyah from a variety of bounties, and also takes the gift of His Uluhiyyah, which is the religion and Paradise.
As for he who does not believe in Him, he takes the gift of His rubu>biyyah in this life, but does not take the gift of His Uluhiyyah on the Day of Resurrection, which is Paradise. A person only takes his reward from the one who he worked for, and the disbeliever did not work for Allah, so he will having nothing in the hereafter except the Fire
1 – Allah says:
وَبَشِّرِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ أَنَّ لَهُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ ۖ كُلَّمَا رُزِقُوا مِنْهَا مِن ثَمَرَةٍ رِّزْقًا ۙ قَالُوا هَٰذَا الَّذِي رُزِقْنَا مِن قَبْلُ ۖ وَأُتُوا بِهِ مُتَشَابِهًا ۖ وَلَهُمْ فِيهَا أَزْوَاجٌ مُّطَهَّرَةٌ ۖ وَهُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ (25)
And give glad tidings to those who believe and do righteous deeds that they will have gardens [in Paradise] beneath which rivers flow. Whenever they are provided with a fruit therefrom, they will say, ‘This is what we were provided with before. And they will be given things in resemblance. And they will have therein purified spouses, and they will abide therein eternally.‛
2 – And Allah () says:
الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُوا إِيمَانَهُمْ بِظُلْمٍ أُوْلَئِكَ لَهُمْ الأَمْنُ وَهُمْ مُهْتَدُونَ
It is those who believe and do not mix their belief with injustice [shirk], for them [only] there is security and they are the [rightly] guided.
One of the best books For Discussion of Tawheed is Kitab at Tawheed by Shaikh-ul-Islam, Muhammad bin Abdul-Wahhab
Source is Summarized Islamic Fiqh For Sheikh Mohamed Ibrahim Toijery
